The internal pressures are calculated by using the following formula:
| Symbol | Description |
|---|---|
| P | Internal pressure (ksi) |
| tmin | Minimum wall thickness (mm) |
| S | Allowable stress (ksi) |
| OD | Nominal outside diameter (mm) |
| Y | 0.4 for tmin < OD/6 |
| Y | (OD-(2×tmin))/2(OD-tmin) for tmin ≥ OD/6 |
Attention: The pressures on these pages are given only as guidance. Dimensioning of piping systems also depend on other factors like external forces, thermal stresses, dead weight etc. Furthermore the design must be made according to regulations from local authorities and approved accordingly. For tubes in pressure vessels ASME Section VIII Division 1 and 2 may apply. The calculations are similar but the allowed stress has a different definition.
Values for allowed stress given in ASME B31.3 table A-1, are only valid for pipe unless otherwise stated! See also footnote*1).
| Alleima | ASTM/UNS | 100°F 40°C |
200°F 90°C |
300°F 150°C |
400°F 200°C |
500°F 260°C |
600°F 320°C |
700°F 370°C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 304L*2) | 304L | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 15.8 | 14.7 | 14.0 | 13.5 |
| 3R12*3) | 304/304L | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 18.6 | 17.5 | 16.6 | 15.8 |
| 316L*4) | 316L | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 15.7 | 14.8 | 14.0 | 13.5 |
| 3R60™/3R65*5) | 316/316L | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 19.3 | 18.0 | 17.0 | 16.3 |
| 6R35:1*6) | 321:1 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.1 | 15.2 | 14.6 |
| 6R35:2*7) | 321:2 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 19.3 | 18.3 | 17.5 |
| 8R40*8) | 347 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 19.3 | 18.7 |
| 5R75*9) | 316Ti | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 19.4 | 17.8 | 16.8 | 16.2 |
| 3RE60™*10) | S31500 | 26.3 | 25.4 | 24.4 | 24.2 | 24.2 | 24.2 | 24.2 |
| SAF 2304®*11) | S32304 | 29.0 | 27.9 | 26.1 | 24.7 | 22.9 | 19.2 | - |
| SAF 2205™*12) | S31803 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 28.9 | 27.8 | 27.2 | 26.9 | - |
| SAF 2507®*13) | S32750 | 38.7 | 36.3 | 34.8 | 34.0 | 33.9 | 33.9 | - |
| Sanicro® 625 | N06625 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 39.6 | 39.2 | 38.6 | 37.8 | 37 |
| Sanicro® 70:1*14) | N06600:1 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 |
| Sanicro® 70:2*15) | N06600:2 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
| Sanicro® 70:3*16) | N06600:3 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 23.3 |
| Sanicro® 30 CF*17) | N08800 CF | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
| Sanicro® 30 HF*18) | N08800 HF | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 |
| 2RK65™*19) | N08904 | 20.3 | 16.7 | 15.1 | 13.8 | 12.7 | 11.9 | 11.4 |
| Sanicro® 28*20) | N08028 | 20.7 | 18.9 | 17.7 | 16.5 | 15.4 | 14.4 | 13.6 |
| 254 SMO*21) | S31254 | 26.9 | 26.9 | 21.4 | 19.8 | 18.6 | 17.9 | 17.4 |
| Sanicro® 41*22) | N08825 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 23.3 | 23.3 |
| Ti 2/Ti 7*23) | R50400/R52400 | 16.6 | 14.4 | 12.0 | 10.2 | 8.8 | - | - |
| Ti 3*24) | R50550 | 18.6 | 15.8 | 12.8 | 10.3 | 8.5 | 7.4 | - |
| Ti 9*25) | R56320 | 25.7 | 24.7 | 22.6 | 20.2 | 18.1 | 17.2 | - |
| Ti 12*26) | R53400 | 20.0 | 18.7 | 16.2 | 14.3 | 13.1 | 12.3 | - |
| Zr 702*27) | R60702 | 18.3 | 15.4 | 12.0 | 9.3 | 7.4 | 6.0 | 5.2 |
*1) Values for various product forms and applications are found in ASME Section VIII Division 1 and 2. Only in that Code, it is permitted, according to paragraph UG 15, to use values for a certain grade and product form also for other product forms of that grade when data is missing.
*2) A 312 and A 269 tube
*3) A312, A376 and A269 tube
*4) A 312 and A 269 tube
*5) A312, A376 and A269 tube
*6) t>3/8" A312 and A376
*7) t<=3/8" A312 and A376
*8) A312 and A376
*9) Values according to ASME SA-240, plate, Table 1A in ASME BPVC 2019. See *1) regarding paragraph UG 15.
*10) Values according to ASME BPVC IID 2019, Table 1A, Tmax 750°F, seamless pipe SA-790 and seamless tube SA-789
*11) A790 and A789 seamless tube
*12) A790 and A789 seamless tube
*13) A790 and A789 seamless tube
*14) B167 OD>5" and hot finished
*15) B167 OD<=5" and hot finished + OD>5" and cold finished
*16) B167 OD<=5" and cold finished
*17) B407
*18) B407
*19) Values from ASME BPVC Section IID 2019, Table 1B, seamless pipe and tube SB-677
*20) Values from ASME Section IID 2019, Table 1B, Tmax 850°F, seamless tube SB-668
*21) Values according to ASME SA-312, seamless pipe, Table 1A in ASME BPVC IID, 2019
*22) Values according to ASME SB 423 seamless pipe and tube, cold drawn annealed, Table A-1 in ASME B31.3, 2018
Titanium and Zirkonium tubes are produced in sizes 9.53 - 38.1mm
*23) Values according to ASME SB 338*, seamless and welded tube, Table 1B in ASME BPVC IID, 2019.
*24) Values according to ASME SB 338, seamless tube and pipe, SB 861, Table 1B in ASME BPVC IID, 2019.
*25) Values according to ASME SB 338, seamless tube, and pipe, SB 861, Table 1B in ASME BPVC IID, 2019.
*26) Values according to ASME SB 338, seamless tube, and pipe, SB 861, Table 1B in ASME BPVC IID, 2019.
*27) Values according to ASME SB 523, seamless tube, and ASME SB 658, seamless and welded pipe, Table A-1 in ASME B31.3, 2018
* Grade 2H and 7H